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Select statement is used to select data from a table or view. In Greenplum you can do much more in SELECT statement than simple select.
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT [ON (expression [, ...])]]
* | expression [[AS] output_name] [, ...]
[FROM from_item [, ...]]
[WHERE condition]
[GROUP BY grouping_element [, ...]]
[HAVING condition [, ...]]
[WINDOW window_name AS (window_specification)]
[{UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT} [ALL] select]
[ORDER BY expression [ASC | DESC | USING operator] [, ...]]
[LIMIT {count | ALL}]
[OFFSET start]
[FOR {UPDATE | SHARE} [OF table_name [, ...]] [NOWAIT] [...]]
where grouping_element can be one of:
()
expression
ROLLUP (expression [,...])
CUBE (expression [,...])
GROUPING SETS ((grouping_element [, ...]))
where window_specification can be:
[window_name]
[PARTITION BY expression [, ...]]
[ORDER BY expression [ASC | DESC | USING operator] [, ...]
[{RANGE | ROWS}
{ UNBOUNDED PRECEDING
| expression PRECEDING
| CURRENT ROW
| BETWEEN window_frame_bound AND window_frame_bound }]]
where window_frame_bound can be one of:
UNBOUNDED PRECEDING
expression PRECEDING
CURRENT ROW
expression FOLLOWING
UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
where from_item can be one of:
[ONLY] table_name [[AS] alias [( column_alias [, ...] )]]
(select) [AS] alias [( column_alias [, ...] )]
function_name ( [argument [, ...]] ) [AS] alias
[( column_alias [, ...]
| column_definition [, ...] )]
function_name ( [argument [, ...]] ) AS
( column_definition [, ...] )
from_item [NATURAL] join_type from_item
[ON join_condition | USING ( join_column [, ...] )]